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Today During the era of digital technology, every human activities are changing in data somewhere. Who went to search, what did you search, talk to whom, bought all these information is being recorded through smartphones, apps and internet platforms. Location, banking transactions, call details to biometric data are track. Often a person does not even seem to know about it.
The shocking thing is that there is a cyber attack every 39 seconds. In the year 2024, Deepfek fraud alone was cheated by Rs 6,000 crore. A Hong Kong company lost ₹ 212 crore due to a fake AI-video.
These incidents clearly indicate that the more the digital technology provides, the greater the danger can become. Especially when personal information reaches the wrong hands.
So let’s Learn your rights In the column, we will talk about which personal information is being tracked daily from the smartphone? Will also know that-
- How and from which platforms does this information track?
- What can you do to prevent this?
Expert: Dr. Pawan Duggal, Cyber Security Expert, New Delhi
Question- Which information is the most tracks online?
answer- In today’s digital age, many types of personal information of mobile apps, websites and online services users are regularly collecting. This tracking is usually done with the consent of the user through options like ‘Terms & Conditions’ or ‘Allow Access’. But many times apps seek excessive and complicated permission. The most track information can be seen in the graphic below.
Question- What is the purpose of such online tracking?
answer- Cyber Security Expert Dr. Pawan Duggal explains that companies claim that the purpose of tracking user data is to understand its behavior, personify services and increase earnings through advertising. Understand this from these points-
Advertisement Targeting Companies track the user search, location, shopping and social media activity according to their interest, so that online sales can be increased.
Customizing user experience
Do not have to type the same thing again and again and the first searched things should be found again. For this, sites make the interface personal by saving the user data.
Behavior Analytics and Market Research
By tracking users’ digital behavior (what to click, where to stop), companies decide which product or feature should be paid more attention.
Fraud detection and Security
Some institutions track login patterns, location and transaction history by identifying whether there is any suspicious activity.
Government Monitoring (in some cases)
Some trekking is done by the government authorized agencies to monitor national security, law and order or cybercrime, but legal permission is necessary.
Data monetizationine
Large purpose behind claims is also to earn profits from data. Many times companies sell this data to third party or use advertising in targeting. If all this happens without the user’s information or consent, it is a direct violation of the right to privacy and digital freedom.
Question- What are the user’s rights regarding the security of digital data?
answer- Every citizen in India has the right to protect his personal information. This right comes under Article 21 (Right to privacy) of the Constitution, which the Supreme Court has considered a fundamental right. Apart from this, rules related to IT Act, 2000 and data protection give legal outlines to protect user information.
Question- Do companies need to take the consent of the user?
answer- Yes, according to IT rules, it is necessary to tell any app or website before tracking user information, where and how they can use that data. If they do not disclose this or take permission by hiding information, it is considered an immoral and legal violation.
Question- What action can he take if an app, website or company shared or leaked the user’s data without permission?
answer- If personal information is used, shared or leaked without your permission, then you can take action in these easy ways. Such as-
- It is necessary to keep every app or website a gravity officer. Their email or contact information is found on the company’s website or app. Send written complaint there.
- You can complain online on the Government of India website www.cybercrime.gov.in. Give identity, developments and evidence in it.
- If the matter is related to data leaks or technical omission, then report it on www.cert-in.org.in. It is India’s cyber emergency response team.
- If you have suffered mental, economic or personal loss, then the consumer can file a complaint in the court.
Question- What precautions should be taken to avoid data leaks and fraud?
answer- You can adopt some easy and effective tips in graphic to protect your digital privacy or avoid online data fraud.
Question- What are the recent legal updates related to digital secrecy in India?
answer- The Government of India has issued a draft of Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Rules, 2025. The purpose of this law is to further strengthen your digital information. Understand some of its main things from these points-
- It would be illegal to collect or use data without your consent.
- Companies will have to inform immediately in case of data leaks.
- There will be separate provisions for the protection of children’s data.
- You will have the right to how, why and how much your personal information is being used.
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